1992, Winnipeg, Canada
Conferences by Date
Proceedings of the 4ᵗʰ International Conference on Controlled Atmosphere and Fumigation in Stored Products, Winnipeg, Canada, 1992
About The Winnipeg Conference
Taken from the Foreword by Shlomo Navarro and Jonathan Donahaye:
Taken from the Foreword by Shlomo Navarro and Jonathan Donahaye:
“The present conference meeting was decided upon during the “5th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection” held in Bordeaux in September 1990, when several members of the Permanent Committee of the “International Conference on Controlled Atmosphere Storage of Grain” decided to hold the meeting in conjunction with the “International Symposium on Stored-Grain Ecosystems” in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada in June, 1992.…
The objectives of the conference were:
- to assess the current status of controlled atmosphere application techniques and fumigation for control of insect pests, microflora and quality in stored grain and rellated products.
- to evaluate the technical, environmental and economical advantages and examine the potential for emerging controlled atmosphere technologies.
This conference took place at a crucial moment, with, on one hand, universal realization of the vital importance of continued grain storage conservation for food security at both national and individual levels, and on the other hand, the absence of a coordinated policy to guide the industry in maintaining this objective. There is still a worldwide reliance on fumigants for insect control in grain storage, and yet the intense pressure to phase out methyl bromide as a fumigant, coupled with mounting evidence of development of insect resistance to phosphine places our future reliance upon fumigation in question.
In spite of the urgent need to develop alternative insect control measures, there has been a general lack of institutional responce to the need to introduce already existing controlled atmosphere (CA) technologies into the commercial sphere, one notable exception to this being the stated policy and incentives given in Australia to the introduction and application of CA storage.
The papers presented in the conference proceedings reflect this general lack of policy towards the use of CAs, but they also reflect the widespread interest in this alternative to conventional fumigation, with 35 of the papers relating to CAs, and only 24 to methyl bromide and phosphine. Particular interest in the CA alternative is evidenced in the papers presented by participants from developing countries, and in several cases, this is the first time research groups from these countries have exposed their research objectives and evaluations at an intenrational forum.”
Session 1
Maria Regina SARTORI Rapporteur’s Report
Controlled atmosphere and fumigation in Western Australia – a decade of progress.
R.J. DELMENICO
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Controlled atmosphere storage research and technology in Canada.
N. D. G. WHITE, D.S. JAYAS, W.E. MUIR and R.N. SINHA
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Current status of controlled atmosphere storage in the Philippines.
Glory C. SABIO
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Present and prospective state of the “triple-low” grain storage technique.
Huinai XU and Nanyan W ANG
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Carbon dioxide fumigation trials in India.
K.S. NARASIMHAN, S. RAJENDRAN, T.S. KRlSHNAMURTHY, Z. CHANDY, P.M. KHEDKAR and M.A. HAKEEM
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Current status of controlled atmosphere storage in Nigeria.
S. D. AGBOOLA
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Session 2
C.H. BELL, and Z. KORUNIĆ Rapporteur’s Report
Low oxygen disinfestation of grain: exposure periods needed for high mortality.
P.C. ANNIS and H.A. DOWSETT
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Responses of stored-products insects to phosphine.
S. RAJENDRAN
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Controlling rusty grain beetles with controlled atmospheres.
G. SHUNMUGAM, D.S. JAYAS and N.D.G. WHITE
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Low oxygen atmospheres for the control of Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) and Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say).
Ch. REICHMUTH and T. l. OFUYA
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Nitrogen-flow fumigation for the preservation of wood, textiles, and other organic material from insect damage.
Ch. REICHMUTH, A. UNGER, W. UNGER, Gertrude BLASUM, H. PIENING, Patricia ROHDE-HEHR, R. PLARRE, Maja POSCHKO and A. WUDTKE
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Session 3
Ailsa D. HOCKING Rapporteur’s Report
Effects of intergranular gas composition and fumigants on mould growth and mycotoxin production.
J. LACEY
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Anaerobic growth of storage yeasts in controlled atmosphere storage of intermediate moisture grains.
D. RICHARD-MOLARD and B. CAHAGNIER
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Use of sulphur dioxide to control fungi in stored grain.
N. MAGAN
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The use of phosphine for inhibition of fungal growth in stored grains.
Ailsa D. HOCKING and H. J. BANKS
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Disinfection with methyl bromide of poultry feed and straw litter contaminated artificially with Salmonella typhimurium.
P. DROUIN, Jocelyne PROTAlS, P. DUCOM and ValŽrie DUCOM
Effect of phosphine and duration of storage on fungal population and some chemical components of soybean meal.
O. S. DHARMAPUTRA, H. SUSILO, M. SIDIK and H. HALID
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Session 4
E.L. SODERSTROM Rapporteur’s Report
Quality changes in grain under controlled atmosphere storage.
N.D.G. WHITE and D.S. JAYAS
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Major changes in storage construction and the safe storage of grain in Tianjin.
Lianghua GUAN, Rui SUN, Shaojun YANG, Chengguang ZHANG and Bin WANG
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Preservation of grain in hermetically sealed plastic liners with particular reference to storage of barley in Cyprus.
Shlomo NAVARRO, Andres VARNAVA and Ezrz DONAHAYE
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The mechanism of stored grain insect control and grain quality maintenance by low dosage phosphine fumigation.
Zhu Peng QING
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Session 5
Digvir S. JAYAS Rapporteur’s Report
Uptake and release of fumigants by grain: sorption/desorption phenomena.
H.J. BANKS
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Carbon dioxide gas sorption by stored wheat.
R. COFIE-AGBLOR, W.E. MUIR. S. CENKOWSKI and D.S. JAYAS
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The combined action of low-temperature, low-oxygen and low-phosphine concentrations in the “Triple-low” grain storage technique.
Nan-yan WANG, Quo-qiang ZHANG, Yan-yan ZHANG and Hu-nai XU
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Finite element prediction of three-dimensional carbon dioxide diffusion in grain bins.
K. ALAGUSUNDARAM, D. S. JAYAS, W. E. MUIR, N. D.G. WHITE and R. N. SINHA
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Comparison of rate of release of phosphine from some commercial formulations generated under 75% relative humidity and four temperatures.
P. DUCOM and C. BOURGES
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A predictive model for phosphine concentration in grain storage structures.
P.C. ANNIS and HJ. BANKS
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Session 6
Christoph REICHMUTH Rapporteur’s Report
Flow rates of controlled atmospheres required for maintenance of gas levels in bolted metal farm bins.
C. H. BELL, B. CHAKRABARTI, S. T. CONYERS, T. I. WONTNER-SMITH and B. E. LLEWELLIN
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Pre-fumigation to improve safety and efficiency of PH3 grain treatment in the vessel’s holds during a voyage.
G.A. ZAKLADNOY, B. VACQUER and E.P. BELOBROV
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Effect of delivery rate of carbon dioxide on its distribution in concrete silos and its subsequent impact on the quality of stored corn.
Wu-Kang PENG and Chieh-Wu CHEN
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Ducting systems for silo fumigations in Tianjin municipality, China.
Rui SUN, Lianghua GUAN, Chengguang ZHANG, Chunhe LIU and Jianhua LUI
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Purge and maintenance rates of carbon dioxide for wheat treatment in a reasonably sealed silo.
B. CHAKRABARTI, C.H. BELL, B.E. LLEWELLIN and T.J. WONTNER-SMITH
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Session 7
E.L. SODERSTROM Rapporteur’s Report
Fumigation decision-making processes: economic losses vs. risks.
J. T. CRISWELL, G.W. CUPERUS, W .S. FARGO, R.T. NOYES, B. ADAM, P. KENKEL, E. WILLIAMS, and K. ANDERSON
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Use of a cylinder-based formulation of phosphine as a control strategy for floor-stored grain.
C. H. BELL. B. CHAKRABARTI and K. A. MILLS
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Integration of controlled atmosphere and low temperature for disinfestation and control of dried fruit beetles.
S. NAVARRO, E. DONAHAYE, Miriam RINDNER, R. DIAS and A. AZRIELI
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The development of Siroflo® in Australia.
R.G. WINKS
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Session 8
James SARGENT Rapporteur’s Report
Potential threat to conventional fumigation from regulatory legislation in European communities.
Z. KORUNIĆ
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The federal grain inspection service fumigation policy and procedures.
J. GILER
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Methyl bromide fumigation and ozone depletion.
J. SARGENT
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Specificity of induced resistance to hypoxia and hypercarbia in two strains of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst).
E. DONAHAYE and Miriam RINDNER
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Phosphine resistance in stored-product insects.
J. L. ZETTLER
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Session 9
Effect of carbon dioxide on Prostephanus truncatus (Horn).
L. SUSS. Daria P. LOCATELLI and M. BORIANI
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Sealed stacks: a progress report on the technology.
M. SIDIK and J. E. van S. GRAVER
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The effect of decreasing concentrations of carbon dioxide on the survival and development of insect pests of stored-products.
M.J. DALES, R.W.D. TAYLOR and A.H. HARRlS
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Sealed storage technology on Australian farms.
A. S. ANDREWS and P. C. ANNIS
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Quality changes in peanuts shipped by rail under carbon dioxide.
K. HOLD and D.M. WlLSON
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Phyto explo® fumigation: in transit grain fumigation in the holds of a tanker/bulker.
B. VACQUER, O. ZAKLADNOY, A. VASILIEV, E. BELOBROV, J. ROGERSON, B. KUGLER and M. ABDULLAEV
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Scanning electron microscope observation of microstructural changes in rice grain during storage.
E. BEKKI and L. ZHANG
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A descriptive model for the behavior of phosphine where vessels are damaged while carrying fumigated grain.
E.P. BELOBROV, G.A. ZAKLADNOY, B. VACQUER, P. QUESNEL, U. SCHWARTZ and D. COLEMAN
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“Double-low”: a synthesis of controlled atmosphere and fumigation techniques for stored grain conservation.
Tao MEI-CHUAN and Wang YA-NAN
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Current research with carbon dioxide in Croatia.
Darka HAMEL
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Phyto explo® fumigation applied in silos.
B. VACQUER, G. ZAKLADNOY, A. VASILIEV, E. BELOBROV, J. ROGERSON, B. KUGLER and M. ABDULLAEV
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Grain preservation by reduction of oxygen concentrations using microorganisms.
Jiang ZHONGZHU
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